Thesis of Teenage Pregnancy - Table 10-13 CHAPTER 4

“TEENAGE PREGNANCY: ITS EFFECT ON EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS AND OUT-OF-SCHOOL YOUTH IN MARAMAG, BUKIDNON “ Click -  Chapter 1;  Chapter 2; Chapter 3; Chapter 4; Chapter 5                                     Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data Table 10.  Perception of the Respondents on the Causes of Teenage Pregnancy in Terms of Church Involvement CHURCH INVOLVEMENT MEAN DESCRIPTIVE 1.  Participating in church activities strengthen the values of the teenagers. 4.25 Strongly Agree 2.  The church promote the teaching of moral standards especially among the young. 4.15 Agree 3.  Less participation in church activities among teenagers 3.97 Agree 4.  Going to church irregularly. 3.85 Agree 5.  The church promotes the use of natural family planning method. 3.83 Agree 6.  Church elders lack support and advice to unwed pregnant teenagers. 3.83 Agree 7.  Unwed pregnant women usually prohibit themselves from attending church activities. 3.8 Agree 8.  Going to Church without commitments. 3.75 Agree 9.  Teenagers who get pregnant belong to families who are nominal church goers. 3.7 Agree 10.  Going to church is just to be with friends and peers. 3.56 Agree OVER ALL MEAN 3.87 Agree   1.00 – 1.80  Strongly Disagree 2.61 – 3.40  Moderately Agree 4.21 – 5.00  Strongly Agree 1.81 - 2.60   Disagree                             3.41 – 4.20  Agree Presented in Table 10 are the perceptions of the respondents on the causes of Teenage Pregnancy in terms of church Involvement. The indicator that receive the highest mean is “Participating in church activities strengthen the value of the teen-agers.” This has the mean of 4.25 and described as “Strongly Agree.” Although it is true that the church, next to the family has great influence on the formation of moral values, teenagers now a days find it a taboo to join religious activities and become actively involved in the church. Cesanne (2010) in his study found out that teenagers, with “low level” of

Perception of the Respondents on the Major Causes of Teenage Pregnancy in Terms of Family Factor		3.42		Agree
Perception of the Respondents on the Major Causes of Teenage Pregnancy in Terms of Friends and Peers Factor		3.21		Moderately Agree
.  Perception of the Respondents on the Major Causes of Teenage Pregnancy in Terms of Community Factor		3.90		Agree
Perception of the Respondents on the Major Causes of Teenage Pregnancy in Terms of Church Involvement		3.87		Agree
Educational Development After Pregnancy		4.03		Agree

religiouscommitment” might pull the teenager to be pregnant for they will prioritized their relationship with the opposite sex rather than abiding to the moral teaching of the church. On the other hand, the same study shows that teenagers who are busy in the church usually listen to the advises and warning of parents. The respondents “ agree” to the rest of the indicators, thus, making them aware that if they only abide to the teachings of the church, they might have not experienced unexpected pregnancy. For example in the indicator that says “going to church irregularly which has a mean of 3.85, the respondents agree that they do not go to church regularly . Summary Table of Problem 2                 Table shows that perception of the respondents on the major causes of Teenage Pregnancy in terms of family factor, church involvement and community factor has a mean of not less than  3.41 but not also more than 4.20 which the respondents agree that family,  church involvement and community are among of the causes of teenage except for the “friends and peers “ which they only moderately agree of having a mean of 3.21.  This was explained because as we observed in both rural and urban areas,  Filipino children are usually attached to their family and next to family, is the community where they live in and the possible activities where they were exposed such as “church involvement”.   In here, they agreed that due to their practice and development in their respective family, communities  and how they being involved in church has great role why they become pregnant at teens.               Due to Pregnancy at teens,  majority of them has lost the opportunity to continue their studies as they agree which having a mean of 4.03. Problem 3. Is there a significant difference on the Educational Development of Teenage pregnancy when grouped according to age, educational attainment, status, type of school attended and economic background of the respondents. Table 11. Educational Development of the Respondents After Pregnancy

EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AFTER PREGNANCY	MEAN	DESCRIPTIVE
1.  I am hurt when I hear people talk about me.	4.43	Strongly Agree
2.   I find it difficult to attend school due to my pregnancy.	4.41	Strongly Agree
3.  I experience very low self-esteem due to my pregnancy.	4.30	Strongly Agree
4.  I find it difficult to study because my attention is focused on the baby.	4.27	Strongly Agree
5.  My priority is to look for a part-time job to support my baby.	4.23	Strongly Agree
6.  I lost my desire to continue my studies.	4.17	Agree
7.  My sibling’s education is affected of what had happened to me.	4.03	Agree
8.  Rearing up a child is very demanding.	3.97	Agree
9.  It is hard for me to face the community because of my situation.	3.93	Agree
10.  I have great desire to finish a degree for the sake of my child.	3.90	Agree
11. My parent lack support and hinders my desire to continue schooling.	3.87	Agree
12.  There is very limited time for me to concentrate on my school work.	3.83	Agree
13.  My peers and friends lessen their communication with me.	3.69	Agree
14.  My plans for college education is still very strong in my heart.	3.67	Agree
15. My parents are hesitant to support my plans to go back to school.	3.66	Agree
OVER ALL MEAN	4.03	Agree

1.80  Strongly Disagree          2.61 – 3.40  Moderately Agree 4.21 – 5.00  Strongly Agree 1.81 - 2.60   Disagree            3.41 – 4.20  Agree Table11 presents the educational development of the Respondents after pregnancy. The indicator that receive the highest mean is “I am hurt when I hear people talk about me.” This has the mean of 4.43 and described as “Strongly Agree.” Followed with” I find it difficult to attend school due to my pregnancy” with a mean of 4.41 which the respondents has “Strongly Agree.” Thus, according to the latest available statistics, (Kost, Henshaw, & Carlin, 2010). When school aged students become mother, the new responsibilities can be overwhelming. For teenage mother who lack support from their own parents, this experience can be even more daunting as they seek support in adult-oriented systems which even older parents may find challenging.             The respondents agree that going back to school is already difficult after pregnancy as the indicator “My parents are hesitant to support my plans to go back to school having mean of 3.66. The overall mean indicates that respondents are having difficulties on pursuing their education considering that majority of them are came from low income family and less than Php 5,000 a month as stated in table 6.                 Table shows that perception of the respondents on the causes of Teenage Pregnancy in terms of family factor, church involvement and community factor has a mean of not less than  3.41 but not also more than 4.20 which the respondents agree that family,  church involvement and community are among of the major causes of teenage except for the “friends and peers “ which they only moderately agree of having a mean of 3.21.  This was explained because as we observed in both rural and urban areas,  Filipino children are usually attached to their family and next to family, is the community where they live in and the possible activities where they were exposed such as “church involvement”.   In here, they agreed that due to their practice and development in their respective family, communities  and how they being involved in church has great role why they become pregnant at teens.               Due to Pregnancy at teens,  majority of them has lost the opportunity to continue their studies as they agree which having a mean of 4.03. Table 12.  Analysis of Variance on the Educational Development of the Respondents After Pregnancy when Classified According to Age Age Mean Std. Deviation Maximum 16 years old and below 3.94 0.23 4.27 17 - 18 years old 4.23 0.39 4.73 19 - 20 years old 3.93 0.45 4.80 21 years old and above 3.60 0.38 4.07 Total 4.02 0.44 4.80   Source of Variation Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Interpretation Between Groups 1.599 3 0.533 3.547 0.029 Significant Within Groups 3.757 25 0.150     Total 5.356 28         When a girl falls pregnant, her life turns upside down. Through shame and stigma, bullying and harassment, she will be forced to withdraw from school. The girl will face the same challenges after giving birth to her child and wonders how  she will take care for her child. If she does make it back to school, she finds it difficult due to the time and learning she has missed. Consequently, she probably withdraws from school and will fail to reach her academic potential. One of the aims of this study is to look for the educational development of the teenagers who undergone pregnancy across the different age brackets. As shown in the Table, teenagers aged 16 years old and below, 19-20 years old, and 21 years old and above agree that there pregnancy brought negative effect in their educational development such as low of self-esteem, ashamed in facing the community after what had happened, lost the desire to continue their studies, parents’ lack of support, etc. However, the teenagers aged 17-18 years old seemed to have greater effect as revealed by the highest mean response of 4.23. This result coincides with the result of the analysis of variance that the responses of the teenagers who got pregnant are significantly different across the different age brackets since the computed F-value (3.547) is large and the p-value (0.029) is less than the level of significance. Table 13.  Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test on the Educational Development of the Respondents After Pregnancy when Classified According to Age (I) Age (J) Age Mean Difference (I-J) Std. Error p-value 16 years old and below 17 - 18 years old -0.30 0.22 0.54 19 - 20 years old 0.01 0.25 1.00 21 years old and above 0.34 0.26 0.58 17 - 18 years old 16 years old and below 0.30 0.22 0.54 19 - 20 years old 0.31 0.19 0.38 21 years old and above 0.63* 0.20 0.02 19 - 20 years old 16 years old and below -0.01 0.25 1.00 17 - 18 years old -0.31 0.19 0.38 21 years old and above 0.33 0.23 0.52 21 years old and above 16 years old and below -0.34 0.26 0.58 17 - 18 years old -0.63* 0.20 0.02 19 - 20 years old -0.33 0.23 0.52   As to the multiple comparison test on the differences of the educational development of the respondents, Turkey’s Test points out which of the age brackets are significantly different from each other. As shown, teenagers aged 16 years old and below have the same educational development with the rest of aged brackets since the computed mean difference on their responses are very small to reject the null hypothesis and the computed p-values are greater than the level of significance. Similarly, teenagers aged 19 – 20 years old obtained the same result. However, teenagers aged 17-18 years old and 21 years old andabove revealed to have significant difference to each other as indicated by a mean difference of 0.63 and a p-value of 0.02. Click the parts of Chapter 4; Chapter 4 - Table 1 to 3 Chapter 4 - Table 4 to 6 Chapter 4 - Table 7 to 9 Chapter 4 - Table 10 to 13 Chapter 4 - Table 14 to 17